Artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML) and robotics would fundamentally transform space exploration, creating new opportunities for students, startups and private companies, former Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) chairman A.S. Kiran Kumar said on Thursday (October 1, 2026).

Addressing students at the Srinivasa Institute of Technology and Management Studies (SITAMS) here on “AI and ML in Space Science”, Dr. Kiran Kumar said India’s space programme had largely focused on improving the lives of ordinary people through applications such as weather forecasting, cyclone warnings, fisheries, tele-education and telemedicine.

Recalling India’s space journey, he credited Dr. Vikram Sarabhai’s vision for laying the foundation of the country’s space programme. Despite being denied access to advanced technology, India developed indigenous capabilities, progressing from SLV and ASLV to PSLV, he said.

He recalled major milestones, including Chandrayaan-1’s discovery of water molecules on the Moon, Mangalyaan’s successful first-attempt Mars mission, Chandrayaan-3’s lunar landing and Aditya-L1’s solar mission.

Dr. Kiran Kumar said space had emerged as the “fourth frontier” after land, oceans and air, offering a huge economic opportunity.

He said AI was already being used for satellite data analysis, autonomous navigation, robotics, disaster management and predictive maintenance. AI, he said, would assist rather than replace scientists.

He urged students to focus on fundamentals, research and innovation and help India strengthen its position in the global space sector.